LONDON: Britain and the European Union struck a trade deal after ten months of intense negotiation allowing them to soften the economic shock of Brexit, just seven days before it exits one of the world’s biggest trading blocs.
When the UK leaves the EU single market at the New Year it will not now face tariffs on commerce, despite breaking off half a century of close partnership. “We’ve taken back control of our laws and our destiny. We’ve taken back control of every jot and tittle of our regulation in a way that is complete, and unfettered,” British Prime Minister Boris Johnson declared.
EU Commission president Ursula von der Leyen was more measured. “At the end of a successful negotiations journey I normally feel joy. But today, I only feel quiet satisfaction and, frankly speaking, relief,” she said, citing English playwright William Shakespeare: “Parting is such sweet sorrow.” She also warned that, protected by the deal from unfair British competition, “The single market will be fair and remain so.”
She urged Europeans remaining in the 27-nation union to put the drama of the four years since Britain’s Brexit referendum behind them and to look to the future. “I say it is time to leave Brexit behind. Our future is made in Europe,” she said.
Britain formally left the EU in January after a divisive referendum in 2016. But London remains tied to the EU’s rules during a transition period that runs until midnight on December 31, when the UK will leave the bloc’s single market and customs union.
The final 2,000-page agreement was held up by a last-minute dispute over fishing as both sides haggled over the access EU fishermen will get to Britain’s waters after the end of the year. Von der Leyen said that although the UK would become a “third country” it would be a trusted partner.
READ MORE: Brexit: UK officially leaves EU after 47 years
Johnson insisted it was a “good deal for the whole of Europe and for our friends and partners as well”. Leaders around the continent were quick to herald the 11th-hour accord that heads off the threat of Britain crashing out of the EU after 47 years of shared history with no follow-on rules.
Irish premier Micheal Martin – whose EU member state would have been hard hit by a no-deal – said the accord was the “least bad version of Brexit possible”. German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she was confident that the deal was a “good outcome” with French President Emmanuel Macron saying that “Europe’s unity and firmness paid off”. Johnson was triumphant on Christmas Eve, calling the deal a “present” for Britain.
Following the announcement of the political accord, von der Leyen’s Commission will send the text to the remaining 27 European member states. Their ambassadors will meet on Christmas Day and are expected to take two or three days to analyse the agreement and decide whether to approve its provisional implementation.
The UK parliament will also have to interrupt its end of year holidays to vote on the deal on December 30, and with the opposition backing its implementation, it should pass easily.
With Britain outside the EU single market and customs area, cross-Channel traders will still face a battery of new regulations and delays with analysts expecting both economies to take a hit.
READ MORE: European parliament approve Brexit deal with United Kingdom
The deal will be seen as a win by Johnson, as well as a success for von der Leyen and her chief negotiator Michel Barnier, who led almost 10 months of intense talks with Britain’s David Frost.
After the shock 2016 referendum, European capitals were concerned that if such a large rival on their doorstep were to deregulate its industry their firms would face unfair competition.
Brussels insisted the only way to keep the land border between Ireland and the UK open was to keep Northern Ireland, a British province, within its customs union.
European members balked at giving up access to Britain’s rich fishing waters, which support fleets in France, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland and the Netherlands.
