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Stockholm: The Nobel Economics Prize was on Monday awarded to a US trio for their contributions on explaining the role of banks in the economy.
Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig were given the nod for having “significantly improved our understanding of the role of banks in the economy, particularly during financial crises, as well as how to regulate financial markets”, the jury said.
The Nobel Prize 2022 in Physiology or medicine:
This year, Swedish geneticist Svante Pääbo was honoured “for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution”. He had established an entirely new scientific discipline called paleogenomics. Pääbo’s discoveries revealed genetic differences that distinguish all living humans from extinct hominins, and provide the basis for exploring what makes us uniquely human.
The Nobel Prize 2022 in Physics:
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences jointly awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics to Alain Aspect, John F Clauser and Anton Zeilinger on October 4. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics “for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science.”
The Nobel laureates have conducted groundbreaking experiments using entangled quantum states, where two particles behave like a single unit even when they are separated.
The Nobel Prize 2022 in Chemistry:
Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal and K. Barry Sharpless received the prestigious accolade “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry”.
The Nobel laureates had worked on click chemistry and bioorthogonal reactions. Click chemistry is utilised in the development of pharmaceuticals, for mapping DNA and creating materials that are more fit for purpose, while bioorthogonal reactions have helped researchers improve the targeting of cancer pharmaceuticals.
The Nobel Prize 2022 in Literature:
French author Annie Ernaux was awarded this year “for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory”. Ernaux, 82, became only the 17th female writer to have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Annie Ernaux’s memory work dealing with her rural background appeared early as a project attempting to widen the boundaries of literature beyond fiction in the narrow sense, said Anders Olsson, the Chairman of the Nobel Committee, The Swedish Academy.
Nobel Peace Prize 2022:
The 2022 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski from Belarus, Russian human rights organisation Memorial, and the Ukrainian human rights organisation, Center for Civil Liberties. Norwegian Nobel Committee Chair Berit Reiss-Andersen made the announcement for the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize on Friday, October 7, in Oslo, Norway.
