What is the Norovirus spreading across UK?

Norovirus, often referred to as the “winter vomiting bug,” is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, leading to symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea.

According to several media reports, Norovirus spreads easily through close contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, and food or water, making it a significant public health concern in the UK

Norovirus is a stomach virus that can cause gastroenteritis, characterized by sudden onset of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes fever and abdominal pain. It is commonly known as the “winter vomiting bug,” but it can occur at any time of the year.

The virus spreads easily in crowded environments such as hospitals, care homes, schools, and nurseries. Individuals are most infectious when they are symptomatic, but they can also spread the virus before symptoms appear and after they have resolved. The incubation period for norovirus is typically between 12 to 48 hours.

Symptoms include:

• Nausea
• Projectile vomiting
• Diarrhea
• High temperature
• Abdominal pain
• Aching limbs

Most people recover within 2 to 3 days without medical treatment, but vulnerable groups (young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems) may experience more severe illness.

Current Situation in the UK

As of December 2024, norovirus cases in England are notably higher than the five-season average, with an earlier-than-usual increase in cases.

The rise in cases is attributed to several factors, including changes in population immunity post-pandemic and the emergence of a new genotype, GII.17, which has become the most commonly detected strain. Surveillance indicates that educational settings play a significant role in the transmission of norovirus.

Good hand hygiene is crucial, wash hands thoroughly with soap and warm water, especially after using the toilet and before eating or preparing food.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective against norovirus. Stay at home for at least 48 hours after symptoms have stopped to prevent spreading the virus. Disinfect contaminated surfaces with bleach-based cleaners and wash any contaminated clothing or bedding at 60°C.

Norovirus cannot be treated with antibiotics, as it is a viral infection. Hydration is essential to prevent dehydration, especially for vulnerable populations. If symptoms are severe or concerning, consult a healthcare professional by phone rather than visiting in person.