A child born in any country of the world passes through his childhood and boyhood and reaches youth and old age which can be called developmental stages, the same is the case with Pakistan.
The establishment of Pakistan has completed 75 years this year and now the political consciousness of the Pakistani nation has become so high that it has started to understand the affairs of the state, politics and government, but understanding is one thing and knowing the correct definition of a term is another.
Politically, an organized nation that is independent and has a permanent and definite territory in its possession is called a state, but some states call their units states instead of provinces, such as India or the United States of America.
In such countries, the state is considered as the second level of administrative division and the states included in this type of federation enjoy autonomy in their internal affairs, but external affairs such as currency and defense are subordinated to the federation or the centre.
Talking about the government, which is formed to express the institutions, plans and ideas of any country or state and to run its management and system. If the strength and weakness of a state is to be assessed, the government is inspected.
Different types of governments impose orders on the public in different ways, for example, personal, elite, unitary and federal governments, democratic and authoritarian governments work in different ways, but the basic duties and responsibilities of government are to protect the lives and property of citizens. It is important to protect against enemy attacks and internal conflicts, justice, legislation, education and development and to improve the social condition.
As for political science, it is the knowledge that is attributed to both the state and the government. One section says that political science is the science of government, while the other is the science of the state, but realist experts say that political science is related to both the state and the government.
According to Prof. Gilchrist, Gettle, Paul Genet, Prof. Laskey and EC Smith, political science discusses the nature of both state and government. It is the study of the relations between states and is that part of the civil sciences which deals with the foundations of the state and the principles of government.
Political science not only covers the organization and evolution of government but also serves as a branch of social science that deals with the theory and organization of the state as well as the performance of government.
It is not necessary that political science should be understood by those who want to enter politics, but the people of Pakistan should seriously study the terms of political science, state and government to increase their political consciousness.
